Few modern people have not heard of osteochondrosis.Most of them have repeatedly experienced the symptoms of this ailment.The generalized use of the disease is connected by a prolonged session on the computer, a passive way of life, malnutrition, etc.The osteochondrosis of the cervical column is manifested by the pain, the weakening of the muscles, the limitation of mobility and the entire complex of other symptoms.
Do not ignore the signs of osteochondrosis, because the sooner the treatment begins, the faster it gets rid of the disease.In the initial stages, conservative therapy is carried out: taking medications, exercise therapy, physiotherapy, massages, etc., when complications and destruction of bone skin structure, an operation is prescribed.
What is
Neck osteochondrosis is a pathology that is found alone in people.Animals do not suffer.This is due to the vertical location of the spine.In this position, the vertebrae are squeezed with each other, which leads to the fact that the intervertebral discs are gradually destroyed.
The department of Cervical consists of 7 vertebrae, which are separated from each other on records.This column segment is quite mobile, so it is one of the most vulnerable sections of the spine.The weakest link in the cervical region is the intervertebral disc, which mainly reflects changes in distribution degenerative.
The prevalence of cervical osteochondrosis is also explained by a weak muscle corset in the neck.In addition, small vertebrae are placed in this area, they have a different structure and fit too much.That is why even a small load on the neck can cause its displacement, as well as the compression of blood vessels and nerve branches.When the vertebral artery, which is placed inside the spine in this area, occurs.
The osteochondrosis of the cervical column threatens with a bump (displacement of a pulp nucleus without damage to the outer layer) and album hernias.These formations compress nerve packages, vessels.
Due to the degenerative changes in the intervertebral discs, the probability of bone growth (osteophytes) increases in the joint joint sites.Because of this, neurovascular formations are reduced between the spinal channel.
Reference.According to medical statistics, people over 35 years of age most frequently suffer from cervical osteochondrosis.Although there is now a rejuvenation of pathology, which often develops in patients since 20 years.This is due to lifestyle and mainly sedentary malnutrition.
Doctors identified 4 stages of pathology:
- 1 grade: the cartilage between the vertebrae begins to collapse.At this stage, the disease has erased symptoms.Unfortunately, patients do not notice them.
- 2 degrees: Under the pressure of the vertebrae, the height of the disc is reduced, the integrity of its external membrane is violated.At this stage, bump may appear.Pain appears, neck mobility is limited, perhaps a violation of the sensitivity of the face.
- 3 degrees: bumps are transformed into hernias that compress blood vessels and muscles.In addition to pain, pain is observed on the back of the head, dizziness.
- 4 degrees are formed: osteophytes are formed that stabilize the vertebrae, but squeeze the nerve fibers.The pain does not disappear, the rigidity of the movements occurs, the neighboring rooms are damaged, neurological symptoms appear.
It is important to start treatment in 1 to 2 stages to avoid serious complications that can only be solved with a surgical method.
Reasons
School osteochondrosis is a complex and prolonged process that can occur under the influence of many negative factors.
For example, in the elderly, the disease is associated with changes related to age in the body.Then, degenerative discrete changes arise as a result of a violation of local blood circulation, metabolic processes and immunity weakening.
However, doctors identified the main causes of cervical osteochondrosis:
- Incorrect posture.
- The curvature of the spinal column.
- Cervical segment injuries.
- Excessive weight.
- Great physical work.
- In the long term sitting on the computer.
- Passive lifestyle.
- Violation of metabolic processes.
- Frequent neck hypothermia.
- Incorrect litera organization (too soft mattress, high pillow).
- Frequent tensions, chronic fatigue.
- Congenital pathologies of the store structure.
- Autoimmune diseases that cause the degeneration of the cartilage.
- Infections.
- Characteristics of body parts, for example, a very long or short neck.
Under the influence of these factors, intervertebral structures begin to collapse, bone tissues, nerve clusters, blood vessels are damaged.
Symptoms
The clinical image of the osteochondrosis of the cervical column is diverse.For this reason, it is difficult for patients to understand what is happening to them.The first manifestations of the disease are canceled for excess work.And after the appearance of pronounced symptoms, they are in a hurry towards the doctor, but in this case the irreversible changes are already present and the structure of the cervical region will no longer be possible.
The main symptoms of the osteochondrosis of the cervical column:
- Painful sensations on the neck, shoulders.
- Weakening of the muscles surrounding the affected segment of the column.
- Excessive sweat adjustment.
- Violation of the sensitivity of the upper extremities.
- Movement coordination disorders.
- Head pain.
- Vertigo (dizziness).
- Auditory disorders, vision.
- Bank jumps, etc.
The nature of the headache in osteochondrosis is different: paroxysmal, constant, pulsating, boring.This symptom is manifested due to the spasm of the brain vessels, the compression of the nerve beams of the cervical column and the increase in intracranial pressure.
With the osteochondrosis of the cervical column, the pain does not always appear in the cervical segment area, it can extend to the shoulders, hands.The discomfort can occur after sleep, acute movement, neck tension, for example, with cough or sneezing.
With the osteochondrosis of the cut, pressure over the overcomes are observed depending on the time of day, constant hypertension is not characteristic for pathology.Usually, with increasing pressure, the following manifestations are observed: head pain, hand pain, numbgic-gurgle numbness.Pressure drops are often observed after nervous or muscular stress, long -term stay in an awkward position.
Cervical Osteochondrosis Syndromes
With the osteochondrosis of the cervical column, several syndromes (typical conditions that are accompanied by characteristic symptoms) are observed.Its manifestation depends on which nerve branches and blood vessels are damaged.
Cervical osteochondrosis syndromes:
- Vertebral artery: occurs as a result of the compression or irritation of the artery that feeds the brain.Then, the patient suffers from auditory disorders, vision, dizziness, pressure drops, migraines, etc.
- Cardial: It develops when compressing nerve beams that innervate the diaphragm or chest muscle.Then, a burning pain in the chest, lack of breath, weakness, the beat appears.
- Caused by hypertension due to the compression of the veins, so the blood exit is altered from the head.Then the intracranial pressure increases, the patient suffers from headache, nausea, vomiting.
- Cervical migraines occurs due to the compression of the nerves surrounding the vertebral artery.Then there is a painful pain similar to the migraine in the back of the head.The attack lasts approximately 10 hours and is often accompanied by vomiting eruption.
- Soreshcock is the most common symptoms complex for the osteochondrosis of the cervical column.It is caused by the compression of one of the nerve packages in the vertebrae of the cervical segment.With a violation of conductivity, 1 - 2 roots of the cervical vertebra, the sensitivity is disturbed or the pain appears in the back of the head.In case of damage to 3 pairs, the tongue is numb, the area behind the ears, is difficult for a person to chew food.The inflammation of 4 pairs of roots is accompanied by pain in the necklace, hypo, difficulty swallowing.If the conductivity of 5 to 8 pairs of nerve beams are broken, then it is difficult for the patient to move your hands.
Reference.Often, the osteochondrosis of the cervical column is manifested at the same time with several symptoms by complexes, so the diagnosis is difficult.Therefore, do not understand yourself, it is better to contact specialists.
Make a diagnosis
If you do not know what to do when suspicious symptoms appear, it is better to immediately contact the therapist.If necessary, the doctor will direct him to an orthopedist, a neurologist.
In the search for diagnosis, the following instrumental studies are used:
- Radiography.
- Computer or magnetic resonance images.
All previous studies provide certain information about the cervical region.For example, X -Ray, CT, MRI are used to identify pathological changes in the structure of the spine.Electromyography allows you to evaluate the condition of nerve beams.
With the help of the radiography, which is carried out in different projections, it can detect the accumulation of calcium salts, a decrease in the height of the cartilage joints between the vertebrae, the deformation of the store, the presence of bone growth, etc.
Treatment
Osteochondrosis therapy of the cervical column should be complex.The decision to choose the methodology is taken by the doctor taking into account the stage, the form of the disease, the severity of the symptoms.
The treatment of the osteochondrosis of the cervical column is long and complex.It is unlikely that pathology can be completely cured, especially when it comes to the elderly patient.However, it is very possible to stop degenerative-distributed disorders in the cervical segment at any stage.
In the early stages of the disease, conservative methods are used: medications, therapeutic exercises, physiotherapeutic procedures, massages, orthopedic devices.Most previous methods can be used at home.
In 3-4 stages, which is accompanied by destruction not only of the cartilage, but also of the bodies of the vertebrae, surgery may be necessary.
To get rid of pain, inflammation, relax tense muscles, the following medications will help improve cartilage tissue condition:
- Anesthesia.With severe pain, he can help himself accepting an analgesic pill.For the same purpose, NSAIDs are used, which allow it to face not only pain and inflammation.
- Steroids stop the inflammatory process and pain.For this purpose, medications based on hydrocortisone, prednisolone, dexamethasone in the form of tablets or ointments are used.
- Musorelaxants help relax the muscles around the damaged area.For this purpose, solutions are used for parenteral administration based on glycerol or gasymidazole.They normalize muscle tone and weaken pain syndrome.
- Spasmolithics help fight pain and muscle spasms.
- Vitamins accelerate the restoration of the nervous system.For this purpose, medications are taken according to group B elements, A, C, D, E. Vitamin-Mineral complexes are quite effective.
Reference.If pain syndrome is very severe, and oral analgesics do not help, then the doctor can prescribe a novocaine block.Injections that use anesthetic or steroid solutions are placed directly in the pathology approach.This procedure can only be carried out by an experienced specialist.
In complex therapy, creams, gels, ointments with anti -inflammatory effect, heating and analgesic are used.
To relieve the condition of patients, improve their physical form, prescribe therapeutic gymnastics.Exercises help strengthen the muscles around the neck, improve metabolic processes, accelerate blood circulation and weaken the load in the weakened column.
Particularly popular among Oshop Gymnastics in the Hall using special simulators.However, if you wish, you can treat at home.
LFK complex for cervical osteochondrosis:
- Little head towards the shoulder, fix your head for 30 seconds, then repeat the movement in the other direction.
- I lean your head forward, trying to touch your chin towards your chest, then lift it and a little forward.
- Lower your head a little back, turn right and then the left shoulder.
- Press your left shoulder with your right hand, lift your elbow a bit.Then turn the head to the right, delayed, feeling muscle tension.
- This exercise is done as the third, only during the turn of the head, raises your arms over the head and adheres to them.
- Hands on the knees, extend them to the sides, trying to connect the shoulder blades, at the same time, understand the chin.Then you will solve the thoracic region.
- Stop, lower your hands, stretch your neck forward, trying to touch your chin towards your shoulder.
Before classes, you must heat a joint and shower to relax the muscles.After performing the complex, run stretching.
You can treat neck osteochondrosis with physiotherapy:
- UHF.
- Laser therapy.
- Magnetotherapy
- Drug electrophoresis, etc.
Magnetotherapy facilitates inflammation, pain.UHF and laser treatment accelerates metabolism in the affected area, helps eliminate swelling.Thanks to electrophoresis, medicines penetrate the inflammation approach through the skin, where they immediately manifest their effect.
With the help of massage, the muscle tone is normalized, the blood flow is accelerated to the damaged area, the trophic tissue is improved.After approved the course, which generally consists of 10 procedures, the development of degenerative-dystophical processes in the cervical column stops.
At home, you can use an applicator: this is a plastic device with many peaks.You must go to the device or apply it to the affected area.The applicator helps weaken pain, relaxes muscles, improves blood circulation, as well as motor activity.
With a complex treatment, the patient may get rid of the neck osteochondrosis forever.However, this is possible if the disease was detected in 1 stage.In other cases, integral events will help stop the development of pathology.
Carti degeneration of the cervical region (Condrosis)
Many people believe that condrosis and osteochondrosis is a disease.However, this opinion is wrong.In the first disease, only the placement of the cartilage of the vertebrae is damaged, and with the second, the degenerative changes apply to the bone tissues.That is, condrosis is the first stage of osteochondrosis.
Condrosis of the cervical region develops when the metabolic processes of the intervertebral disc are interrupted.Then, the collagen fibers are replaced by useless fibrous tissue, the hyaline cartilage is calculated, it becomes less elastic.Its height decreases, so the vertebral function is disturbed.
Cervical condrosis has the following signs:
- Rapid fatigue of the muscles surrounding the store.
- Posture violation.
- Periodically discomfort or slight pain in the affected area.
- Restriction of neck mobility.
The disease is detected by accident, during X -Ray or magnetic resonance.
Condrosis treatment
In the first disease, doctors recipe NSAIDs and condroprotectors.In addition, the patient should avoid excessive physical effort or prolonged session.It is recommended to perform therapeutic gymnastics, eat well, abandon bad habits.
Additional treatment methods include massage, manual therapy.In addition, physiotherapeutic procedures are shown, for example, electrophoresis, ultraviolet irradiation, ampulster, diadime therapy, balneotherapy and mud treatment.Acupuncture has demonstrated its effectiveness in treatment.
The main conclusions
The osteochondrosis of the cervical column is an insidious ailment that is manifested by several symptoms.The patient does not always understand what is really happening to him.And when pain is pronounced, it is in a hurry towards the doctor, however, this sign indicates the presence of degenerative distribution changes in the cervical segment.In this case, it will not be possible to restore the condition of the spine.Then the treatment is carried out, which helps to stop the development of the pathology and avoid serious consequences.Osteochondrosis therapy is a complex and long process that requires patience, organization.After eliminating pain and inflammation, the patient must regularly perform exercise therapy, attend massages, physiotherapeutic procedures, use orthopedic devices, eat well, abandon bad habits.It is important to lead a healthy lifestyle, observe moderate physical activity, control weight, monitor posture.Only in this case, you can stop the pathology and live a complete life.